Harmful algal blooms in Florida are being closely studied by a research team led by the University of Central Florida (UCF) to better understand their effects on human health. These blooms, which include blue-green algae and red tide, can release toxins into the air and water, potentially causing a range of health issues.
The research focuses on the links between exposure to these harmful algal blooms and respiratory, gastrointestinal, skin, and liver problems among people living in or visiting affected areas. “This study is about making it safe to enjoy our waterways,” says Rebecca Koszalinski, College of Nursing associate professor who leads UCF’s Human Health Outcomes of Exposure to Environmental Toxins Lab.
Koszalinski’s team uses a One Health approach that looks at how humans impact the environment and how environmental changes affect human health. The group includes specialists from other universities as well as veterinarians, immunologists, clinical research nurses, water and air researchers, and epidemiologists.
Florida is particularly vulnerable to harmful algal blooms due to its many waterways and popularity with outdoor enthusiasts. Researchers are sampling both air and water across beaches and waterways using specialized equipment to determine how deeply toxins can enter the human respiratory system. They are also collecting nasal swabs and blood samples from residents and visitors to check for signs of exposure.
The project is funded by the Florida Department of Health. Findings from its first five-year phase indicated increased symptoms such as dry cough, wheezing, nausea, and abdominal pain among those exposed to algal blooms. In its current phase, the study continues monitoring participants in Lee County for possible long-term effects or worsening pre-existing conditions.
Researchers are seeking additional participants who live in or visit Florida as they work toward providing better safety guidance regarding harmful algal bloom exposure. “For example, if you know you’re going to be in the sun, you take precautions and put on sunscreen,” Koszalinski says. “If you’re going to be out on a boat and there’s red tide nearby, what does that mean and what do our residents and visitors need to do for safety?”
“Florida is my home,” Koszalinski continues, “and I want all our residents and visitors to continue to enjoy the wonderful outdoor recreational activities here.”
The ongoing study is titled “Health Outcomes Associated with Algal Blooms of Cyanobacteria and Red Tide in Florida: Long-Term Health Impacts of Harmful Algal Bloom Exposure,” conducted by University of Central Florida in partnership with Florida Gulf Coast University.
